kognitivistlik

Kognitivism is a theory of learning that emphasizes the role of mental processes in acquiring knowledge. It posits that learning is an active process of constructing mental representations, such as concepts, schemas, and mental models, through the interaction of sensory information and prior knowledge. Kognitivism is rooted in the work of Jean Piaget, who proposed that children's cognitive development progresses through a series of stages, each characterized by specific ways of thinking and understanding the world.

Key principles of kognitivism include:

1. Learning is an active process: Learners construct their own understanding of new information by integrating it with their existing knowledge.

2. Learning is goal-oriented: Learners set goals and plan their learning activities to achieve those goals.

3. Learning is problem-solving: Learners engage in problem-solving activities to acquire new knowledge and skills.

4. Learning is influenced by prior knowledge: Learners' existing knowledge and beliefs can both facilitate and hinder learning.

Kognitivism has had a significant impact on education, influencing the design of instructional methods and materials. It has also been influential in the development of cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence. However, kognitivism has been criticized for its emphasis on individual learning and its neglect of social and cultural factors in learning. Despite these criticisms, kognitivism remains a influential theory in the field of education and psychology.