klónozással

Klónozás refers to the process of creating a genetically identical copy of a biological entity. This can be applied to individual genes, cells, tissues, or entire organisms. The most well-known application is the cloning of animals, where a somatic cell from an individual is used to create a new organism that is genetically identical to the donor. This process typically involves transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell into an enucleated egg cell, which is then stimulated to develop.

The concept of cloning has been explored in science fiction for decades, but significant scientific advancements have brought it into reality. Dolly the sheep, born in 1996, was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell, marking a major milestone in biotechnology. Since then, various other animal species have been successfully cloned.

The ethical implications of cloning are a subject of ongoing debate. While therapeutic cloning, aimed at producing stem cells for medical treatments, is viewed by some as a promising area of research, reproductive cloning, which aims to create a complete organism, raises concerns about animal welfare, genetic diversity, and the potential for misuse. The scientific community and regulatory bodies continue to grapple with these complex issues.