kliiniset

Kliiniset is Finnish an adjective form used to describe things related to clinical practice or clinical research, especially when humans are involved. The base adjective is kliininen, and the plural form kliiniset is used to modify plural nouns, for example kliiniset tutkimukset (clinical studies) or kliiniset oireet (clinical symptoms).

In medical and healthcare contexts, kliininen denotes activities tied to patient care, diagnosis, treatment and evaluation within a healthcare setting. This is often contrasted with lab-based or preclinical work, such as basic laboratory research. The term is widely used in phrases like kliiniset tutkimukset, kliininen arviointi, kliiniset kokeet and kliiniset oireet to indicate patient-centered or bedside aspects of medicine.

Preclinical terminology exists separately as prekliininen (or prekliniset in some usages), referring to research conducted before human testing, such as in vitro experiments or studies in animals. This preclinical stage is distinct from the kliininen stage, which involves human participants and clinical endpoints.

Etymologically, kliininen originates from Swedish klinisk (clinical), itself deriving from Latin clinica or Greek klinikos. The Finnish term is part of a broad family of medical terms used across Northern and Western languages, allowing cross-language understanding of clinical concepts.

See also: prekliininen, kliininen tutkimus, kliininen arviointi, klininen oireisto.