kiudkõhr

Kiudkõhr is a type of cartilage characterized by its high content of collagen fibers, primarily found in the human body and various vertebrates. The term originates from Estonian, where "kiud" means fibers and "kõhr" means cartilage, emphasizing its fibrous composition. This cartilage type provides structural support and strength, enabling it to withstand mechanical stresses.

In the human body, kiudkõhr is present in areas subject to significant tension and load-bearing functions, such as the intervertebral discs, menisci of the knee, and the labrum of the shoulder and hip joints. Its dense collagen network offers resilience and durability, helping to absorb shocks and distribute loads evenly across joint surfaces.

Biologically, kiudkõhr differs from other cartilage types—hyaline and elastic cartilage—by its predominantly fibrous matrix lacking a prominent ground substance. This composition allows it to resist tensile forces more effectively, although it has limited elasticity. The avascular nature of kiudkõhr contributes to its slow healing capacity following injuries.

Functionally, kiudkõhr plays a critical role in joint stability and load distribution, functioning as a cushion and shock absorber in joint movements. Its structural properties are primarily due to multilayered collagen fiber arrangements, which vary according to specific local demands.

Research into kiudkõhr has implications for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, particularly in designing implants and biomaterials for joint repair. Understanding its biomechanical properties and biological composition continues to be vital for developing treatments for cartilage injuries and degenerative joint diseases.