khlongs

Khlong is the Thai word for a canal or waterway, often referring to a network of man-made channels. In English usage, khlongs generally describe Bangkok’s historic system of waterways, along with other canals in central Thailand. These waterways are connected to the Chao Phraya River and its tributaries, serving as transport routes, drainage channels, and sources of livelihood.

Historically, the khlong network developed to support trade, irrigation, and urban growth. In Bangkok and nearby areas, communities built along the banks with houses on stilts and boats for daily transport. The canals helped define neighborhoods, facilitated commerce, and shaped local culture. Over time, water management projects and road construction altered their role.

In daily life, khlongs have long been a setting for transportation, markets, and recreation. Boathomes and floating markets remain visible in parts of Bangkok and surrounding provinces. Notable examples include commuter canals such as certain express routes that carry passengers by boat, as well as historic Bangkok Thonburi-area khlongs like Bangkok Noi and Bangkok Yai. Today, some khlongs are tourist attractions or preserved as cultural heritage, while others persist as essential drainage infrastructure.

Current conditions vary widely. Many canals suffer from pollution, encroachment, and silt buildup, which can hamper navigation and flood management. In response, city and national agencies undertake dredging, water-quality improvements, and restoration projects to balance flood control, ecological health, and heritage preservation. The khlong network remains an integral part of Bangkok’s history and ongoing efforts to manage water in a dense urban environment.