ketamiinin

Ketamiini is a dissociative anesthetic medication that is also used recreationally. It was first synthesized in 1962 and approved for medical use in 1970. Ketamiini works by blocking N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the brain, which are involved in pain perception, learning, and memory.

In a medical setting, ketamiini is used to induce and maintain anesthesia, particularly for short procedures. It can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or orally. Its analgesic properties make it useful for pain management, especially in emergency medicine and palliative care. It is also being investigated for its potential in treating depression and other mood disorders, particularly treatment-resistant depression.

Recreationally, ketamiini is known for its dissociative effects, which can include hallucinations, a sense of detachment from reality, and altered perceptions of time and space. These effects are often referred to as being in a "k-hole" when the experience is particularly intense. Due to its potential for abuse and adverse psychological effects, recreational use of ketamiini is illegal in many countries.

Side effects of ketamiini can include nausea, vomiting, increased heart rate and blood pressure, and confusion. In higher doses, it can lead to respiratory depression. Long-term or frequent recreational use can potentially lead to bladder damage and cognitive impairments.