keratinointiin
Keratinointi, often termed keratinisaatio in Finnish, is the biological process in which epidermal keratinocytes proliferate in the basal layer, differentiate as they move outward, and eventually form corneocytes rich in keratin. Through this differentiation, a cornified envelope is produced, and the outer epidermal layers become the protective barrier against water loss and pathogens.
During terminal differentiation, cells synthesize keratin filaments and keratohyalin granules; in the stratum granulosum, keratohyalin granules
Keratinization is regulated by signaling pathways including Notch, Wnt, and p63 networks, along with transcription factors
Disruptions of keratinization underlie several skin disorders. Hyperkeratosis and scaling occur in ichthyosis and psoriasis; impaired
Understanding keratinization is central to dermatology and cosmetic science, guiding treatments that normalize differentiation, such as