kenningalíkön

kenningalíkön are a poetic device found in Old Norse and Old English literature, particularly prominent in skaldic poetry. The term "kenningalíkön" itself is an Old Norse word, roughly translating to "kenning-like" or "kenning-simile." They are a type of metaphor where one noun is replaced by a compound phrase that describes it indirectly. While distinct from a true kenning, which typically uses a genitive construction (e.g., "whale-road" for the sea), kenningalíkön often employ a descriptive phrase that functions similarly to a kenning by offering an evocative alternative.

These devices can be seen as a more elaborate form of periphrasis, aiming to enrich the poetic language and challenge the listener's or reader's intellect. For example, instead of saying "sword," a skald might use a kenningalíkön like "wound-fender" or "battle-adder." The effectiveness of kenningalíkön lies in their ability to create vivid imagery and add layers of meaning to the text. They are not merely decorative but often contribute to the overall tone and thematic development of a poem. Understanding kenningalíkön is crucial for a deeper appreciation of the nuances and artistic complexity of early Germanic poetry.