kasvajaprotsessid
Kasvajaprotsessid, or tumor processes, refer to the biological mechanisms and pathways involved in the development, growth, and progression of tumors. These processes are complex and multifaceted, involving a variety of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The hallmarks of cancer, as proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg, include sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis, and deregulating cellular energetics. These hallmarks are not mutually exclusive and often overlap, contributing to the heterogeneous nature of tumors.
Genetic alterations play a crucial role in tumor processes. Mutations in oncogenes, such as RAS and MYC,
Environmental factors, including exposure to carcinogens, radiation, and chronic inflammation, can induce genetic and epigenetic changes
Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tumor processes is essential for the development of targeted