karaya

Karaya, or karaya gum, is a natural gum produced by several Sterculia species, particularly Sterculia urens, commonly known as Indian gum karaya. It is exuded as a botanical resin when the tree is tapped, then dried and ground to a powder or formed into blocks. Karaya gum is a water-soluble polysaccharide with a high molecular weight, consisting of neutral and acidic sugars. In solution it yields a viscous, thixotropic gel and is prized for its stability across a broad pH range and its compatibility with many ingredients.

Karaya gum is used as a thickener, stabilizer, binder, and emulsifier in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. In the food industry it serves as a dietary fiber supplement and texturizer in confections, dairy products, and beverages. In pharmaceuticals it acts as a binder and disintegrant in tablets and as a thickener in syrups and topical formulations. In traditional medicine it has been used as a demulcent for throat irritation and as a dietary fiber source.

Safety and handling: karaya gum is generally considered non-toxic when used as directed. Prolonged inhalation of the fine powder may irritate the respiratory tract, and excessive ingestion can cause gastrointestinal discomfort in sensitive individuals. It should be stored in a dry, cool place to prevent clumping and microbial growth.