kandidózu

Kandidóza is a fungal infection caused by yeasts belonging to the genus Candida, most commonly Candida albicans. This yeast is a normal inhabitant of the human body, typically found in the mouth, gut, and on the skin, usually in a harmless or even beneficial symbiotic relationship. However, an overgrowth of Candida can lead to an infection.

Kandidóza can manifest in various forms depending on the affected area. Oral candidiasis, also known as thrush, appears as white patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, and roof of the mouth. Vaginal candidiasis, or a yeast infection, is characterized by itching, burning, and thick, white discharge. Skin candidiasis can cause red, itchy rashes, particularly in warm, moist areas like the groin, armpits, and between fingers and toes. Invasive candidiasis occurs when Candida enters the bloodstream and spreads to internal organs, posing a serious threat, especially to individuals with weakened immune systems.

Factors that can predispose individuals to kandidóza include the use of antibiotics, which can disrupt the balance of normal flora, diabetes, pregnancy, weakened immune systems due to conditions like HIV/AIDS or chemotherapy, and certain medical devices such as catheters. Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination and laboratory tests, such as microscopic examination of samples or fungal cultures. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications, available as topical creams, oral medications, or intravenous drugs for severe cases.