kalapüügi

Kalapüügi is the Estonian term for fishing, the activity of catching fish from water bodies. It covers catching fish for food, commerce, sport, or scientific study and takes place in inland waters, coastal zones, and the open sea. Humans have practiced kalapüüki since ancient times, using hooks and lines, nets, traps, spears, and later boats and mechanical gear to improve efficiency.

Methods and gear include recreational kalapüügi such as angling with rod and reel, fly fishing, and ice fishing. Commercial kalapüüki uses nets (gillnets, trawl nets), traps, longlines, and seines, often conducted from vessels. Gear choice depends on target species, habitat, and regulations. Environmental knowledge such as fish behavior, seasonal migrations, and weather conditions is important for effective and safe fishing.

Regulation and sustainability: Because many fish populations are finite, kalapüüki is typically subject to management measures. Common approaches include fishing licenses, catch quotas, size limits, seasonal closures, and protected areas. Bycatch reduction and habitat protection are important goals; responsible practices include selective gear, release of undersized or non-target fish, and adherence to rules.

Cultural and economic aspects: Kalapüüki supports livelihoods in coastal and inland communities, contributes to food supply, and shapes recreational traditions. In many regions it combines economic activity with cultural heritage and outdoor recreation. Ongoing management aims to balance utilization with the health of aquatic ecosystems.