kahdenvälinen
Kahdenvälinen is a Finnish adjective meaning bilateral or two-sided. It is used to describe relations, agreements, or arrangements that involve two parties, most often two states but also organizations or other actors. In international relations, kahdenvälinen relations refer to the direct interaction between two countries, as opposed to multilateral relations that involve three or more parties.
The term is common in government documents, academic writing, and news reporting about diplomacy, trade, and
Kahdenvälinen is contrasted with monenvälinen (multilateral) in discussions of diplomacy and international law. While kahdenvälinen denotes
In everyday Finnish, kahdenvälinen is the standard term in formal and neutral contexts for describing two-party