kV400

kV400 is a shorthand designation used in various technical disciplines to denote a nominal electrical potential difference of 400 kilovolts (kV). Depending on the field, the term does not refer to a single standardized product but rather to equipment, systems, or specifications that operate at or around the 400 kV level.

In X-ray imaging and industrial radiography, high-voltage supplies are used to accelerate electrons in X-ray tubes. Systems described as operating at 400 kV are common for penetrating dense materials and achieving higher image quality and shorter exposure times. The HV supply is part of a circuit that includes rectification, regulation, and cooling, and such installations require substantial shielding, interlocks, and safety protocols to protect operators.

In electric power transmission, 400 kV is a common backbone voltage level for transmitting electricity over long distances. Transmission lines, transformers, and substations are designed to handle insulation, clearance, and thermal demands at this voltage. In many regions, 400 kV lines connect generation plants to regional grids and are stepped down to lower voltages for distribution.

In research and some accelerator technologies, kilovolt-range supplies, including 400 kV in some configurations, are used for electron guns, injectors, or certain low-energy accelerators. These applications emphasize voltage regulation and minimizing ripple, while maintaining strict safety and insulation standards.

Safety and regulatory considerations are central to any 400 kV installation. Proper insulation coordination, sufficient creepage and clearance distances, robust grounding, protective relays, and personal protective equipment are essential to mitigate the hazards of high voltage.

See also: high voltage, kilovolt, HV transmission, industrial radiography.