jawline

The jawline refers to the lower contour of the face, defined by the edge of the mandible from the chin to the posterior jaw. In profile, it helps determine the silhouette of the lower face and is influenced by the shape of the mandible as well as overlying soft tissues. The mandible is the only movable bone of the skull and consists of a horizontal body and a vertical ramus; the angle where these parts meet, known as the gonial angle, helps shape the overall contour.

Anatomical factors that influence the jawline include bone structure, soft tissues, and muscles. The length of the mandible, the height of the ramus, and the mandibular angle determine the fundamental silhouette. Soft tissue elements such as subcutaneous fat, skin elasticity, and the thickness of the masseter muscle can accentuate or soften the visible edge of the jaw. Dental alignment and temporomandibular joint health can also affect contour, particularly in profile.

Variation in jawline appearance is common and influenced by genetics, sex, ethnicity, and age. Growth during puberty establishes much of the adult shape, while aging can lead to bone resorption and soft tissue changes that reduce definition. Clinically and aesthetically, the jawline is a focal point in dentistry, maxillofacial surgery, and cosmetic practice. Some individuals pursue procedures to alter or enhance the jawline, including implants, soft tissue fillers, or reduction of submental fat, while others rely on natural variation and aging. Pathological asymmetry or deformity may indicate trauma, developmental disorders, or other conditions requiring evaluation. See also mandibular angle, mental projection, ramus, and chin.