ithar

Ithar is a concept in Islamic jurisprudence that refers to giving preference to others over oneself, particularly in acts of charity and self-sacrifice. It is considered a highly virtuous quality, praised in the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. The Quran states, "And they give food in spite of love for it to the needy, the orphan, and the captive, [saying,] 'We feed you only for the sake of Allah. We do not want from you any reward or thanks.'" (76:8-9). This verse is often cited as a prime example of ithar.

The principle of ithar encourages Muslims to be selfless and prioritize the needs of others, especially the less fortunate, even when they themselves are in need. It goes beyond simple generosity (sadaqah) or charity (zakat) by emphasizing a willingness to forgo one's own comfort or desires for the benefit of another. This act is seen as a demonstration of deep faith and submission to Allah's will.

Examples of ithar can be found in the lives of the Prophet Muhammad and his companions, who frequently displayed this trait. It is not limited to financial matters but can also extend to sharing resources, time, knowledge, and even enduring hardship for the sake of others. Cultivating ithar is believed to foster compassion, strengthen community bonds, and purify the soul of selfishness.