iscas

Iscas is the plural form of isca, a term used in fishing to describe items placed on or near a hook to attract fish. In Portuguese-speaking contexts, isca can refer to both natural (live) baits and artificial baits, and the concept is central to many regional angling traditions.

Natural live baits, or iscas vivas, rely on movement and scent to attract fish. Common examples include earthworms, mealworms, maggots, leeches, and small live fish such as minnows or sardines. Prepared live baits may involve cut pieces of fish or crustaceans. In freshwater and saltwater fishing, the choice of live bait depends on the target species, water temperature, and local availability.

Prepared or cut baits, sometimes called iscas preparadas, include dough balls, bread, corn kernels, cheese, and other edible substances that release attractants when submerged. Groundbait or chum may be used in certain disciplines to draw fish into an area. In saltwater fishing, pieces of shrimp or small fish are common, while freshwater options vary by region.

Iscas artificiais, or artificial baits, imitate prey and are used either in place of or alongside natural baits. These encompass soft plastic lures, plugs, jigs, spoons, and other engineered shapes. They are employed with various rigs and can be scented or scented-less, depending on the technique and target species.

Environmental and regulatory considerations apply to iscas. The use of live bait can risk introducing non-native organisms, and some jurisdictions regulate or prohibit certain baits or bait-to-surface releases. Responsible disposal and adherence to local rules are advised to minimize ecological impact.