irritada

Irritada is a feminine singular adjective used in both Spanish and Portuguese to indicate irritation or annoyance, either physical or emotional. In Spanish, it is the feminine form of irritado; in Portuguese, irritada is the feminine form of irritado. The word can describe inflamed skin, irritated eyes, or a person who feels upset or annoyed.

Etymology and usage: Irritada derives from the Latin irritatus, through the Romance-language development of irritare. It typically appears in constructions with estar or ser in Spanish (estar irritada, es irritada) and with estar in Portuguese (a pele está irritada; ela está irritada). It can modify feminine nouns or serve as a predicate adjective referring to a subject’s state.

Forms and related terms: The masculine singular is irritado, the plural forms are irritados (masculine) and irritadas (feminine). Adverbs related to the word include irritadamente in both languages, used to describe the manner of irritation. Related nouns include irritación in Spanish and irritação in Portuguese, both meaning “irritation.”

Contexts: Physically, irritada commonly describes irritated skin, eyes, throat, or mucous membranes (la piel está irritada; a pele está irritada). Emotionally, it can describe someone who feels annoyed or angered (estoy irritada; ela está irritada). The term is widely understood across Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking regions and appears in medical, daily, and literary usage.

See also: irritación (Spanish), irritação (Portuguese), irritante (adj./noun meaning irritant).