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An ion thruster is a type of electric propulsion that accelerates ions to produce thrust. It works by ionizing a propellant, typically a noble gas like xenon or krypton, and then using an electric field to accelerate these ions out of the thruster at high speeds. This expulsion of charged particles generates a force that propels the spacecraft in the opposite direction, according to Newton's third law of motion.
The core components of an ion thruster include a propellant source, an ionization chamber, and an accelerator
Ion thrusters are characterized by their very high specific impulse, meaning they are extremely fuel-efficient. While