intravesicais

Intravesical refers to a route of administration where medication or a substance is introduced directly into the urinary bladder. This method is typically used for localized treatment of bladder conditions, offering a way to deliver therapeutic agents directly to the affected site while minimizing systemic absorption and potential side effects.

The most common application of intravesical therapy is in the treatment of bladder cancer. After surgery to remove tumors, substances like bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or chemotherapy drugs are instilled into the bladder. BCG is an immunotherapy agent that stimulates the immune system to attack cancer cells. Chemotherapy agents, such as mitomycin C or doxorubicin, work by directly killing cancer cells or inhibiting their growth.

Other conditions that may be treated with intravesical administration include interstitial cystitis, also known as painful bladder syndrome, and recurrent urinary tract infections. For interstitial cystitis, medications like dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), heparin, or lidocaine can be instilled to reduce inflammation and pain. In cases of recurrent infections, antibiotics or other antimicrobial agents might be used.

The procedure for intravesical administration involves inserting a catheter through the urethra into the bladder. The prepared solution is then slowly infused into the bladder through the catheter. Patients are typically instructed to retain the solution for a specified period, often ranging from a few minutes to a couple of hours, before voiding. This retention allows for adequate contact time between the therapeutic agent and the bladder lining. While generally safe, potential side effects can include bladder irritation, urinary urgency, frequency, and discomfort during urination.