intraarticulaires

Intraarticular (intra-articulaires in French) refers to anything located within the joint capsule or joint space. The term is used for structures, conditions, or procedures that involve the interior of a joint, as opposed to periarticular (around the joint) or extraarticular (outside the joint).

Anatomy within the intraarticular space includes the synovial cavity, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, ligaments crossing the joint, menisci in certain joints, and the synovial fluid that lubricates and nourishes the joint. These components work together to enable smooth movement and load transfer.

Clinical uses and conditions include intraarticular injections, where medications such as corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid are delivered directly into the joint to treat osteoarthritis or inflammatory arthritis. Diagnostic or therapeutic joint aspiration (arthrocentesis) may be performed to obtain synovial fluid or relieve effusion. Intraarticular fractures are fractures that extend into the joint surface, risking incongruity and the development of post-traumatic arthritis; management focuses on restoring the articular surface and joint function. Arthroscopy is a procedure that allows direct visualization and treatment of intraarticular pathology.

Imaging and diagnosis rely on MRI or CT to delineate intraarticular injuries, while ultrasound can guide injections or aspiration. Joints commonly involved include the knee, shoulder, hip, ankle, and temporomandibular joint.

Risks associated with intraarticular procedures include infection (including septic arthritis), bleeding, cartilage damage, allergic reactions to injectates, and transient joint flares. Careful technique and sterile conditions reduce these risks.