intraarterielle

Intraarterial administration, sometimes rendered as intraarterielle in some languages, is the method of delivering substances directly into an artery. This approach aims to achieve high local concentrations at a targeted site and a rapid onset of action, while potentially reducing systemic exposure. Procedures typically involve catheterization of an artery, followed by guided injection of the drug, contrast agent, or other therapeutic material.

Common indications include targeted cancer therapies, such as selective intraarterial chemotherapy and hepatic artery infusions, where drugs are delivered via arteries supplying the tumor to maximize local effect. In ophthalmology, intraarterial chemotherapy via the ophthalmic artery is used for certain eye tumors. In neuroradiology, intraarterial thrombolysis or targeted drug delivery may be employed for acute ischemic stroke or vasospasm, with treatment tailored to the arterial territory involved. In addition to therapeutic uses, intraarterial routes are used in diagnostic angiography to visualize blood vessels and plan interventions.

Advantages of intraarterial routes include higher drug concentrations at the target site and the potential for lower systemic toxicity. However, they carry risks such as arterial injury or dissection, spasm, thrombosis, embolism, bleeding, infection at the entry site, and distal ischemia. The procedures require specialized equipment, imaging guidance (such as fluoroscopy or ultrasound), and experienced clinicians, and patient selection depends on pharmacokinetic considerations and the nature of the disease.

Overall, intraarterial techniques are a specialized component of interventional medicine, used to achieve localized therapy and precise vascular targeting when appropriate.