interkalatsioonis

Interkalatsioonis, often referred to as intercalation, is a process where atoms, ions, or molecules are inserted into a material between layers of its crystal structure. This insertion happens without significantly disrupting the overall layered arrangement. Common examples include the insertion of lithium ions into graphite for battery applications, or the intercalation of certain molecules into clays and transition metal dichalcogenides.

The ability of a material to undergo intercalation depends on factors such as the size and charge of the intercalating species, the spacing between the layers, and the electronic properties of the host material. The intercalated species can significantly alter the physical and chemical properties of the host, such as its electrical conductivity, optical properties, and mechanical strength. This reversible nature of intercalation is particularly valuable in electrochemical devices like rechargeable batteries, where ions are repeatedly inserted and extracted from electrode materials.

Research into intercalation continues to explore new host materials and intercalating species for applications in energy storage, catalysis, sensors, and advanced materials with tailored properties. The precise control over the intercalation process allows for the fine-tuning of material performance.