insuliineja

Insuliineja, also known as insulin, is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. It is essential for the body to convert glucose, a form of sugar, into energy. Insulin helps glucose enter cells, where it is used for energy or stored as glycogen. Without insulin, glucose cannot enter cells, leading to high blood sugar levels, a condition known as diabetes.

Insulin is a protein hormone composed of two chains, A and B, linked by disulfide bonds. It is synthesized in the beta cells of the pancreas and released into the bloodstream in response to elevated blood glucose levels. The primary function of insulin is to facilitate the uptake of glucose by cells, particularly in muscles, fat, and liver tissues.

There are several types of insulin, each with different onset and duration of action. These include:

- Regular insulin: Acts relatively slowly and has a short duration of action.

- NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) insulin: Acts more slowly than regular insulin and has a longer duration of action.

- Lispro insulin: Acts more quickly than regular insulin and has a shorter duration of action.

- Glargine insulin: Acts slowly and has a long duration of action, providing a steady basal level of insulin.

Insulin therapy is a common treatment for type 1 diabetes, where the body does not produce insulin, and for type 2 diabetes, where the body becomes resistant to insulin. Insulin therapy involves injecting insulin into the body, either through subcutaneous injections or an insulin pump. Proper management of insulin therapy is crucial for maintaining healthy blood sugar levels and preventing complications associated with diabetes.