instrumentalialsims
Instrumentalism is a philosophical perspective within the philosophy of science that emphasizes the instrumental or pragmatic value of theories and models rather than their absolute truth or correspondence to reality. Proposed by philosophers such as William James and later developed by thinkers like Pierre Duhem and Ernst Mach, instrumentalism argues that scientific theories are not descriptions of how the world *is* but rather useful tools for predicting and explaining phenomena. The focus is on the practical utility of these tools in solving problems and making accurate predictions, rather than their literal accuracy in representing reality.
At its core, instrumentalism suggests that the truth of a scientific theory is secondary to its effectiveness
Instrumentalism has influenced various fields, including physics, psychology, and the philosophy of science. In science, it