informationprocessing

Information processing is the transformation, analysis, storage, and communication of information by a system. In computing, it refers to the use of algorithms and hardware to manipulate data. In cognitive science and psychology, information processing models describe mental operations as a sequence of processing stages.

In information processing theory, the mind is viewed as an information processor with components such as sensory input, attention, working memory, encoding, storage, retrieval, and output. Information passes through channels subject to bottlenecks, capacity limits, and interference. Learning and expertise are understood as changes in processing efficiency and chunking.

In technology, information processing covers data collection, validation, transformation, storage, retrieval, and communication. Common architectures include batch processing, real-time processing, and streaming systems. User interfaces and software design aim to minimize cognitive load while maximizing accuracy and speed.

Information theory provides a mathematical basis for quantifying information content, redundancy, noise, and channel capacity, influencing how signals are encoded and transmitted.

Applications span artificial intelligence, cognitive neuroscience, education, and information systems engineering. Ongoing research investigates processing speed, attention, memory, learning, and cognitive load, with practical goals of improving performance and reliability.