infographic

An infographic is a graphic that combines data, information, and design to explain a topic quickly and clearly. It uses visual elements such as charts, diagrams, icons, and maps to present relationships, patterns, or steps that might be difficult to grasp from text alone.

Infographics integrate data visualization, information architecture, and narrative flow. They typically include a title, annotations, and source information, and are designed to be legible at a glance and, if necessary, explored in more detail through a sequence or layered visuals. They are used across journalism, marketing, education, science, and government to summarize research, report statistics, or explain processes.

Common types include statistical infographics, informational infographics, timelines, process diagrams, geographic maps, and comparison charts.

History: The practice has long roots in cartography and data visualization. The modern term and practice gained prominence with digital publishing in the 1990s and 2000s, when designers began creating shareable graphics for online media.

Design principles: accuracy and honesty; clarity; appropriate and non-misleading scales; color contrast; legibility; minimal distortion; accessibility (alt text for screen readers).

Advantages: concisely convey complex data; improve retention; broad appeal. Limitations: potential for oversimplification; misinterpretation; reliance on design skill; can become cluttered if overpacked; copyright and source transparency matters.

For further reading, see data visualization and information design.