incurrir

Incurrir is a Spanish verb that means to incur, to become liable for, or to bring upon oneself costs, liabilities, penalties, or responsibilities as a result of actions. It is commonly used in financial, legal, and administrative contexts to indicate that a person or organization has entered a situation that requires payment or accountability. The construction most associated with incur is incurrir en, followed by the thing incurred, such as gastos or deudas. In some contexts, especially in business writing, it can appear without en with nouns like gastos or costos.

Etymology and sense: Incurrir derives from Latin incurrere, formed by in- (toward, into) and currere (to run). The metaphorical sense evolved to mean “to run into” an obligation or liability, rather than a physical movement. The verb retains a formal tone and is most frequent in written language, legal documents, and financial reporting.

Usage and patterns: The standard pattern is incurrir en + sustantivo (gastos, deudas, sanciones, responsabilidades). It can also be used with the future or past tenses to describe prospective or past liabilities. In everyday speech, speakers may prefer phrases such as asumir gastos or enfrentar consecuencias, but incurrir remains common in formal and official contexts.

Conjugation: Incurrir follows regular -ir verb patterns. Examples in key tenses: present: incurr o, incurr es, incurr e, incurrimos, incurrís, incurren; preterite: incurrí, incurriste, incurrió, incurrimos, incurristeis, incurrieron; future: incurriré, incurrirás, incurrirá, incurriremos, incurriréis, incurrirán. Subjunctive present: incurra, incurras, incurra, incurramos, incurráis, incurran.

See also: Incurir is used in similar legal or financial discourse, but alternatives like asumir gastos or afrontar consecuencias may be preferred in less formal contexts.