incongruous

Incongruous is an adjective used to describe something that does not fit with its surroundings, context, or with other elements. It implies a lack of harmony, coherence, or agreement, often producing a noticeable oddness or jarring effect. The term can refer to objects, appearances, behavior, situations, or ideas, and it is commonly used to signal that something clashes with expectations or norms.

Etymology: The word comes from the Latin incongruus, meaning not fitting or not agreeing, from in- 'not' + congruus 'agreeing, suitable'. It entered English via Old French incongrue or directly from Latin, retaining the sense of mismatch or inappropriateness.

Usage: In common language, incongruous describes anything that seems out of place or out of keeping with its context. It is frequently used in literary and artistic description to emphasize contrast or surprise. In humor theory, incongruity is a central concept, referring to the mismatch between expectation and what actually occurs, which can provoke amusement or reflection.

Examples: A formal tuxedo at a casual beach wedding may be described as incongruous. An archaic policy described in a modern article can appear incongruous with current practices.

Related terms: incongruity (the noun form), incongruence, congruent, and congruence. The word often carries a negative or evaluative nuance, though it can also highlight deliberate contrast in art or argument.