in3

In3 is most commonly encountered in scientific contexts as shorthand related to the indium(III) ion. In chemical notation, indium in the +3 oxidation state is written as In3+ (or In(III)). In aqueous solution, In3+ is typically hexaaqua, forming the complex [In(H2O)6]3+. As pH increases, In3+ undergoes hydrolysis to give species such as In(H2O)5(OH)2+ and eventually insoluble In(OH)3 under certain conditions. In3+ can form coordination complexes with a range of ligands, including halides, oxalate, and various chelating agents, often adopting common coordination numbers of four to six.

Industrial and laboratory relevance centers on indium compounds, in which In3+ salts are used in material science, catalysis, and analytical chemistry. A notable application area is electronics, where indium compounds are essential for producing indium tin oxide, a transparent conducting oxide used in displays, touchscreens, and solar cells. Indium chemistry also supports electrodeposition processes and various catalytic systems, illustrating the versatility of In3+ in synthesis and materials applications.

Notational note: The string "in3" is not a standard, standalone symbol for a single compound in formal chemistry. Correct notation typically uses In3+ or In(III) to indicate indium in the +3 oxidation state. If you are referring to a different context—such as a brand, project code, or a region-specific term—please provide additional details to clarify the intended meaning.

See also: Indium, Indium(III) oxide, Indium tin oxide, Coordination chemistry of indium.