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Impetigo is a common bacterial skin infection that primarily affects infants and children, though it can occur at any age. It is highly contagious and typically appears as red sores on the face, especially around a child's nose and mouth, and on hands and feet. These sores rupture, ooze, and then form a yellowish-brown crust.

There are two main types of impetigo. The more common form is non-bullous impetigo, characterized by small blisters or pustules that break open and form a honey-colored crust. Bullous impetigo is less common and presents as larger, fluid-filled blisters. Ecthyma is a deeper form of impetigo that penetrates into the lower layers of skin, causing painful, pus-filled sores that develop into deep ulcers with a thick crust.

Impetigo is caused by bacteria, usually Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. It typically enters the skin through minor cuts, scrapes, insect bites, or areas of eczema. Factors like warm, humid weather and crowded conditions can increase the risk of transmission.

Diagnosis is usually made based on the appearance of the rash. A skin culture may be performed to identify the specific bacteria and determine the most effective antibiotic treatment. Impetigo is generally treated with topical antibiotic ointments or oral antibiotics. Good hygiene practices, such as washing hands frequently and keeping affected areas clean, are important to prevent the spread of infection.