immunosupresszív

Immunosuppressiv refers to substances or treatments that reduce the activity of the body's immune system. This weakening of the immune response is often medically necessary for several reasons. One primary application is in organ transplantation. After a transplant, the recipient's immune system may recognize the new organ as foreign and attempt to reject it. Immunosuppressive drugs are administered to prevent this rejection, allowing the transplanted organ to function.

Another significant use of immunosuppressives is in the management of autoimmune diseases. In these conditions, the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own healthy tissues. By suppressing the overactive immune response, these medications can alleviate symptoms and prevent further damage. Examples include rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Immunosuppressive therapy can also be employed to treat certain severe allergic reactions or conditions where the immune system is causing excessive inflammation, such as severe asthma or eczema. However, a major drawback of immunosuppression is that it leaves individuals more vulnerable to infections. The diminished immune system is less capable of fighting off bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making patients susceptible to opportunistic infections. Therefore, patients on immunosuppressive therapy require careful monitoring and often prophylactic treatments to prevent infections. The choice of immunosuppressive agent and dosage is carefully tailored to the individual patient's condition and risk factors.