ijslagen

Ijslagen are accumulations of ice that form on surfaces during cold weather. They can occur on roads, power lines, trees, roofs and vehicles and range from a fraction of a millimeter to several millimeters in thickness. Ijslagen affect transportation, infrastructure and safety, and are a common hazard in regions exposed to freezing rain and frost.

They form by several processes. Glaze ice results from freezing rain or drizzle that freezes on contact with a surface, producing a smooth, transparent layer. Rime ice forms when supercooled droplets in fog freeze on contact, creating a rough, white layer. Hoarfrost forms when water vapor deposits as ice crystals on cold, exposed surfaces, often under calm, humid conditions.

Measurement and monitoring: Ice accretion is described by thickness in millimeters and by dominant ice type. Weather services issue ice advisories based on forecasts of temperature, humidity, precipitation type and wind. Observations come from stations, pilots and field teams.

Impact and management: Ijslagen reduce traction on roads, add weight to power lines and trees, and can cause outages or structural damage. Mitigation includes de-icing agents, mechanical removal and operational adjustments in transport and utilities, guided by forecasts and real-time reports.

Etymology and usage: The Dutch term combines ijs (ice) and lagen (layers). In meteorology, ijslagen describe layered ice deposits arising from freezing precipitation or frost.