idegsejtje

Idegsejtje is a Hungarian term that translates to "nerve cell" or "neuron" in English. It refers to the fundamental building blocks of the nervous system in all animals. These specialized cells are responsible for transmitting information throughout the body via electrical and chemical signals.

An idegsejtje typically consists of a cell body (soma), which contains the nucleus, and projections called dendrites and an axon. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, while the axon transmits signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands. The junction between two neurons is called a synapse, where neurotransmitters are released to carry the signal across the gap.

The nervous system, composed of billions of idegsejtje, controls everything from simple reflexes to complex cognitive functions like thought, memory, and emotion. The intricate network of these cells allows for rapid communication and coordination of bodily activities, enabling organisms to interact with their environment and maintain homeostasis. Damage to idegsejtje can lead to a variety of neurological disorders and functional impairments. Research into the structure and function of idegsejtje continues to be a vital area of neuroscience.