hüpotoni

Hypotonia refers to a state of low muscle tone, often affecting infants and young children. It is characterized by muscles that feel weaker or "floppy" and may exhibit reduced resistance to passive movement. This can lead to difficulties with motor development, such as delayed sitting, crawling, or walking. Hypotonia is not a disease itself but rather a symptom that can be caused by a variety of underlying medical conditions. These can range from genetic disorders like Down syndrome and muscular dystrophy to neurological conditions such as cerebral palsy and spinal muscular atrophy. Metabolic disorders and even certain infections can also contribute to hypotonia.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination to assess muscle tone and reflexes, followed by further investigations to identify the underlying cause. These may include genetic testing, blood tests, and imaging studies like MRI. Treatment strategies are focused on managing the symptoms and addressing the root cause, if identifiable. Physical therapy plays a crucial role in improving muscle strength, coordination, and motor skills. Occupational therapy can help with daily living activities, while speech therapy may be necessary if there are feeding or swallowing difficulties. Early intervention is often key to optimizing outcomes for children with hypotonia.