hüpertoonilised

hüpertoonilised refers to a state where a solution has a higher solute concentration and therefore a higher osmotic pressure than another solution, typically a cell or a physiological fluid. This concentration difference dictates the direction of water movement across a semipermeable membrane. When a cell is placed in a hüpertoonilised solution, water will move out of the cell into the surrounding solution in an attempt to equalize the solute concentrations. This net movement of water out of the cell causes the cell to shrink or crenate.

In biological contexts, this phenomenon is important for understanding cell behavior and fluid balance. For example, administering intravenous fluids that are hüpertoonilised can draw water from the body's tissues into the bloodstream, which can be used therapeutically in certain medical conditions like cerebral edema. Conversely, drinking highly concentrated salt water, which is hüpertoonilised compared to body fluids, can lead to dehydration as water is drawn from cells into the digestive tract and then excreted. Understanding tonicity and the concept of hüpertoonilised solutions is fundamental in fields like medicine, physiology, and cell biology.