hypofibrinogenemi

Hypofibrinogenemia is a rare bleeding disorder characterized by lower than normal levels of fibrinogen in the blood. Fibrinogen is a crucial protein that plays a vital role in blood clotting. When an injury occurs, fibrinogen is converted into fibrin, which forms a mesh that strengthens the blood clot and stops bleeding. In individuals with hypofibrinogenemia, this conversion process is impaired due to insufficient fibrinogen.

The condition can be inherited or acquired. Inherited hypofibrinogenemia is typically caused by genetic mutations that affect the production or structure of fibrinogen. Acquired hypofibrinogenemia can result from various conditions such as liver disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), severe infections, or certain cancers.

Symptoms of hypofibrinogenemia can vary in severity and may include easy bruising, prolonged bleeding after injury or surgery, nosebleeds, and heavy menstrual bleeding in women. In severe cases, spontaneous bleeding into joints or internal organs can occur.

Diagnosis is made through blood tests that measure fibrinogen levels. Genetic testing may be used to identify the specific mutation in inherited cases. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity. For inherited forms, fibrinogen concentrate infusions may be administered to temporarily raise fibrinogen levels before surgical procedures or in cases of significant bleeding. Managing acquired hypofibrinogenemia involves treating the underlying condition.