hypertrofická

Hypertrofická is a grammatical form of the adjective hypertrofický, used in Czech and Slovak to describe phenomena related to hypertrophy. Hypertrophy refers to the enlargement of an organ or tissue due to an increase in the size of its cells, rather than an increase in the number of cells. The term derives from Greek hyper- meaning over or beyond, and -trophe meaning nourishment or growth.

In medical and biological usage, hypertrofická describes conditions, tissues, or processes characterized by hypertrophy. For example, hypertrofická kardiomyopatie (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) denotes a disease in which the heart muscle thickens, potentially affecting its function. Hypertrofická jizva (hypertrophic scar) is a scar that becomes raised and thickened beyond the normal contour of the skin after injury. The adjective is also used in contexts such as muscular or tissue adaptations where growth occurs primarily through enlargement of existing cells, rather than creation of new cells.

Hypertrophy can be physiological or pathological. Physiological hypertrophy occurs as an adaptive response to increased functional demand, such as skeletal muscle growth from resistance training. Pathological hypertrophy arises from disease states or harmful stimuli, such as sustained hypertension or valvular heart disease, and may carry adverse consequences.

Hypertrofická forms are contrasted with terms denoting hyperplasty or hyperplasia, where there is an increase in cell number rather than cell size. In summary, hypertrofická denotes the hypertrophic nature of a tissue or condition in medical and biological contexts.