hydrulische

Hydrulische is not a standard term in German or English; it is commonly a misspelling of hydraulische (the German adjective) or hydraulics in English. The field broadly covers how liquids are used to transmit, convert, and control power and motion.

Principles: Pascal's law states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally throughout. In hydraulic systems, a pump pressurizes the fluid, which transfers force to actuators such as cylinders or hydraulic motors. By varying actuator areas, small input forces can create large output forces or speed changes.

Components: key elements include a working fluid (typically mineral oil or water-based fluids), a reservoir, a hydraulic pump, control valves, hoses or tubes, filters, and actuators. Systems can be open or closed, and may use accumulation devices or dampers to manage pressure.

Applications: widely used in construction equipment (boom lifts, excavators, loaders), manufacturing presses, automotive braking and steering in some designs, aerospace flight controls, and industrial automation. High-pressure hydraulics enables compact power transmission in complex machinery.

Safety and maintenance: hydraulic fluids require proper seals and temperature control; regular checks for leaks, contamination, and fluid degradation are essential. Environmental considerations favor low-toxicity, biodegradable fluids where possible, and leak containment.