hydrogenperoxid

Hydrogen peroxide, also known as dihydrogen dioxide in systematic nomenclature, is a simple inorganic compound with the chemical formula H2O2. It is a colorless, nonvolatile liquid that is miscible with water. In practice it is sold and used as a solution in water over a wide concentration range, from about 3% for household antiseptic to around 30%–35% for laboratory use; higher concentrations (up to about 90%) are produced and handled under strict industrial conditions but are hazardous.

Chemical properties: Hydrogen peroxide is a moderate to strong oxidizer. It decomposes slowly at room temperature into water and oxygen: 2 H2O2 -> 2 H2O + O2, a reaction that accelerates with heat, light, trace metals, or catalysts such as manganese dioxide or iron ions. In solution, stabilizers and buffering agents are often added to reduce unwanted decomposition.

Applications: It is used as an antiseptic and disinfectant at low concentrations, a bleaching agent for textiles and paper, and a mild oxidizing agent for organic synthesis. It serves in environmental cleanup (soil and groundwater remediation) and in certain propellant formulations for rocketry.

Safety and handling: Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizer and can cause skin and eye irritation. Concentrated solutions can cause chemical burns and, if contaminated with organic material, may react vigorously. Decomposition releases oxygen gas and can build pressure in closed containers; it should be stored in cool, dark, vented containers away from metals and organic materials, in appropriate labeled packaging; use compatible materials (e.g., HDPE).