hoeksimpuls

Hoeksimpuls, or angular impulse, is a quantity in rotational dynamics describing the rotational effect of a torque applied over time. It is defined as the time integral of torque about a specified axis: J = ∫ τ dt. It is a vector aligned with the rotation axis, following the right-hand rule.

Hoeksimpuls is equal to the change in angular momentum: ΔL = J. For a rigid body with moment of inertia I about the chosen axis, and with constant I, this leads to ΔL = I Δω, so the resulting change in angular velocity is Δω = J / I. If the torque is constant over a time interval Δt, then J = τ Δt. In the impulsive limit, a large torque over a very short time can yield a finite angular velocity change even when the average torque is high.

Units are torque multiplied by time, N·m·s, which corresponds to angular momentum units (kg·m^2/s). The concept is the rotational analogue of linear impulse, ∫ F dt, and serves as a bridge between applied torque and changes in rotational motion.

Applications and interpretation: Hoeksimpuls is used to analyze how external torques alter the rotation state of objects such as flywheels, gears, spacecraft attitude systems, and mechanical actuators. It is important in situations with variable torque or changing inertia, where the full angular impulse must be computed alongside the inertia tensor to determine changes in angular velocity and orientation.