hiuspohja

Hiuspohja is the skin that covers the skull and scalp from the forehead to the neck. It contains hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands, and it has a rich blood supply and nerve innervation. Its health influences hair growth, skin condition, and protection of underlying structures.

Anatomically, the scalp is traditionally described by the SCALP layers: Skin, Connective tissue, Epicranial aponeurosis, Loose areolar tissue, and Pericranium. The skin layer houses hair follicles and glands. The subcutaneous tissue is densely vascularized, giving the scalp its higher blood flow compared with other skin areas. Nerves derive from branches of the trigeminal nerve and the upper cervical nerves, contributing to sensation and reflexes related to the scalp.

Common conditions affecting the hiuspohja include dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis of the scalp, fungal infections such as tinea capitis, alopecia areata (spot baldness), and inflammatory or infectious folliculitis. Less common problems include dermatitis caused by allergies or irritants, and scarring or non-scarring hair loss due to various causes.

Care generally involves regular gentle cleansing with a mild shampoo. Medicated shampoos containing ingredients such as zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide, ketoconazole, or coal tar may be used for dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis. Inflammatory conditions may respond to topical corticosteroids or vitamin D analogs prescribed by a clinician. For persistent symptoms or hair loss, medical evaluation is advised.