histopatológiai

Histopathology refers to the microscopic examination of diseased tissue. It is a crucial diagnostic tool in medicine, particularly in the field of oncology, enabling the identification and characterization of various pathological conditions. The process typically involves obtaining a tissue sample from a patient, often through a biopsy or surgical resection. This sample is then processed through a series of steps, including fixation, embedding in paraffin wax, and sectioning into extremely thin slices. These thin sections are mounted on glass slides and stained with various dyes, most commonly hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), to highlight cellular structures. A pathologist then examines these stained slides under a microscope to identify abnormalities such as cancerous cells, inflammation, or infections. The findings from histopathological examination are essential for determining the nature of a disease, its stage, and its grade, which directly informs treatment decisions and patient prognosis. It can also be used to monitor disease progression and response to therapy.