hipocalciémia

Hipocalcemia is a medical condition characterized by abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood. Calcium plays a vital role in numerous bodily functions, including muscle and nerve function, blood clotting, and bone health. When calcium levels drop too low, these processes can be impaired.

The causes of hipocalcemia are varied and can include insufficient vitamin D intake or absorption, kidney disease, hypoparathyroidism (underactive parathyroid glands), certain medications, and severe pancreatitis. In some cases, rapid blood transfusions can also lead to a temporary decrease in calcium levels.

Symptoms of hipocalcemia can range from mild to severe. Mild cases might present with muscle cramps, spasms, or tingling sensations in the fingers and toes. As calcium levels continue to fall, more severe symptoms can emerge, such as muscle twitching, tetany (involuntary muscle contractions), confusion, seizures, and irregular heart rhythms. In very severe and prolonged cases, it can be life-threatening.

Diagnosis is typically made through blood tests that measure calcium levels. Doctors will also investigate the underlying cause to guide treatment. Treatment strategies focus on replenishing calcium levels, often through oral or intravenous calcium supplements. Addressing the root cause of the hipocalcemia is also crucial for long-term management and prevention of recurrence.