heraldics

Heraldics, also known as the study of heraldry, is the practice and art of designing, creating, and explaining coats of arms and other heraldic achievements. These symbols, often displayed on shields, banners, and other personal or corporate items, served as a form of identification in medieval times, particularly on the battlefield. Over time, heraldry evolved into a complex system with specific rules and conventions governing the composition and display of armorial bearings.

The core element of a coat of arms is the shield, which bears the charges, the symbolic images and colors. These charges can include animals, mythical creatures, geometric shapes, and everyday objects, each with its own traditional meaning. The colors, known as tinctures, also hold significance, with specific rules for their combination to ensure clarity and visibility. Beyond the shield, a full heraldic achievement can include a helmet, crest, mantling, and supporters.

Heraldry was historically used by individuals, families, and institutions such as royalty, nobility, churches, and guilds. While its practical function on the battlefield diminished with modern warfare, heraldry continues to be practiced today. It is used for personal identity, corporate branding, and by various organizations and governmental bodies. The study and regulation of heraldry are often overseen by heraldic authorities in different countries.