hemofíliák

Hemofíliák is a rare inherited bleeding disorder that prevents blood from clotting properly. This means that people with hemofíliák can bleed for longer periods of time than people whose blood clots normally. The condition is caused by a mutation in one of the genes that are responsible for making clotting factors, which are proteins in the blood that help it to clot.

There are two main types of hemofíliák: hemofíliák A and hemofíliák B. Hemofíliák A is the most common type, affecting about 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 males. Hemofíliák B is less common, affecting about 1 in 20,000 to 30,000 males. Both types are much rarer in females, as they typically require two affected X chromosomes to manifest.

Symptoms of hemofíliák can vary depending on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, bleeding may only occur after injury or surgery. In more severe cases, bleeding can occur spontaneously, without any apparent cause. Bleeding can occur internally, such as in the joints or muscles, or externally, such as from a cut or scrape. Internal bleeding can cause pain, swelling, and limited mobility.

There is no cure for hemofíliák, but it can be managed with treatment. The most common treatment is replacement therapy, where the missing clotting factor is given intravenously. This can be done on a regular basis to prevent bleeding or as needed to treat a bleeding episode. Other treatments include medications that help to stop bleeding and physical therapy to help manage joint and muscle problems. With proper treatment, people with hemofíliák can live full and active lives.