hemodialyzaním

Hemodialysis is a medical procedure used to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions adequately. This condition, known as kidney failure or end-stage renal disease (ESRD), requires artificial intervention to maintain the body's chemical balance.

The process involves drawing blood from the patient's body, usually through an access point in the arm, and pumping it through a dialyzer, often referred to as an artificial kidney. The dialyzer contains a semipermeable membrane that separates the blood from a dialysis fluid, also called dialysate. Waste products such as urea and creatinine, along with excess electrolytes and fluid, pass from the blood across the membrane into the dialysate, which is then discarded. The cleansed blood is then returned to the patient's body.

Hemodialysis is typically performed in a dialysis center, although home hemodialysis is also an option for some individuals. The frequency and duration of treatments vary depending on the patient's individual needs but commonly involve three sessions per week, each lasting several hours. While hemodialysis can effectively manage kidney failure, it does not cure the underlying condition and requires lifelong commitment for most patients. Potential complications include infection, blood clots, and electrolyte imbalances, necessitating careful monitoring by healthcare professionals.