hearty

Hearty is an adjective in English with several closely related senses. It commonly describes food that is substantial and nourishing, capable of satisfying a strong appetite. It can also describe people, activities, or environments marked by warmth, sincerity, and vitality, such as a hearty greeting or a hearty laugh. In some contexts, hearty is used to indicate robust intensity or vigor.

In culinary use, a hearty meal is one that is large and satisfying, often thick with protein, starch, or vegetables and prepared in a way that feels warming and filling. A hearty flavor or broth implies depth and robust character. The adjective also pairs with appetite (a hearty appetite) and eater (a hearty eater) to describe the intensity of hunger and consumption.

Etymologically, hearty derives from heart, reflecting a sense of fullness, warmth, or vigor associated with the heart as a symbol of vitality and sincerity. Related forms include heartiness (the noun for fullness or cheer), heartily (the adverb), and wholehearted (sincere or total in extent).

In usage, hearty generally carries positive connotations, emphasizing warmth and fullness. Regional variations exist, with American and British usage often focusing on food and social warmth, while other contexts apply hearty to describe vigorous laughter, a robust workout, or a strong performance.