hübriidmasinaid

Hübriidmasinad refer to vehicles that combine two or more distinct power sources, most commonly an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. The primary goal of such a system is to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions compared to traditional gasoline or diesel-powered vehicles. These machines can operate in various modes, switching between or combining power sources depending on driving conditions, speed, and battery charge.

The electric motor can assist the internal combustion engine during acceleration, reducing the load on the engine and thereby saving fuel. At lower speeds or when cruising, the vehicle might run solely on electric power, producing zero tailpipe emissions. The internal combustion engine can also act as a generator to recharge the battery, eliminating the need for external charging in some hybrid configurations. Regenerative braking is another key feature, capturing kinetic energy during deceleration and converting it into electrical energy to replenish the battery.

There are several types of hybrid powertrains, including parallel hybrids where both the engine and motor can power the wheels independently or together, series hybrids where the engine acts solely as a generator to power the electric motor, and series-parallel hybrids which offer the most flexibility. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) represent a further development, allowing for a longer electric-only driving range and requiring external charging. Hybrids are widely used in passenger cars but are also being developed for heavier vehicles and other machinery.