hõõrdepidurdus

Hõõrdepidurdus, often referred to as friction braking, is a mechanical process used to slow down or stop a moving object by converting its kinetic energy into heat through friction. This is achieved by applying a braking surface against a moving surface. The force of friction between these two surfaces opposes the motion, causing deceleration.

The principle of friction braking is fundamental to many braking systems. In its simplest form, it involves two surfaces rubbing against each other. When one surface is attached to the moving object and the other is stationary, the frictional force generated will resist the object's movement. The amount of braking force is directly proportional to the coefficient of friction between the surfaces and the normal force pressing them together.

Common applications of hõõrdepidurdus include bicycle brakes, where brake pads are squeezed against the wheel rim, and car brakes, where brake pads are pressed against brake discs or drums. The heat generated by the friction is then dissipated into the surrounding environment. While effective, prolonged or heavy braking can lead to overheating of the braking surfaces, which can reduce their effectiveness and potentially cause damage. This is why braking systems often incorporate cooling mechanisms or are designed to withstand high temperatures. The materials used for braking surfaces are carefully chosen to provide a suitable coefficient of friction and durability.